Showing items 31661 - 31680 of 70405

Wena Langa

Wena Lisholi, Tuhela za Lifasi

What makes a painting good?: an enquiry into the criteria used in evaluation

  • Authors: Frost, Lola
  • Date: 1988
  • Subjects: Painting -- Appreciation
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MFA
  • Identifier: vital:2461 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008542
  • Description: From introduction: "To affirm that a work of art is good or bad is to commend or condemn, but not describe . Thus criticism does not, and cannot, have the impersonal character and strict rules applicable independently of time and place," .. . (Macdonald 1966: 111) "Criticism and appraisal, too, are more like creation than like demonstration and proof." (Macdonald 1966: 112) This essay articulates evaluatory criteria that are used by both critics and laymen and which are cross -culturally applicable. Thus it seeks to articulate relatively objective types of criteria which we all use when evaluating paintings. This essay articulates fixed and objective criteria, but within these categories recognizes that there is much room for skillful, sympathetic and knowledgeable criticism. Thus criticism is a creative act. These objectively- articulated criteria are best seen as aids to, rather than carbon copies, for evaluation.
  • Full Text:
  • Date Issued: 1988

Women's dance Song

Women's dance Song

Women's dance Song

Work in Progress issue no.52

  • Authors: COSATU
  • Date: 1988
  • Subjects: COSATU
  • Language: English
  • Type: text
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/173573 , vital:42385
  • Description: As this edition of Work In Progress was going to print the state effectively banned 17 organisations and an undisclosed number of individuals, and severely restricted the Congress of South African Trade Unions. By doing this the government of State President PW Botha has escalated its ongoing war against the people of South and Southern Africa. Precisely why the state chose to act this way at this time is not clear. Visible resistance to apartheid in the townships has declined under the burden of emergency rule, and popular political and community organisation has been severely weakened. One possibility is that government is attempting to limit the massive resistance expected against the October local government elections, including the boycott call made by a number of those organisations effected by the latest clampdown. But whatever the reason, there remains no excuse whatsoever for believing that ‘reformers’ within the state hold any power. If the distinction between ‘militarists’ and ‘reformers’ is real, then the militarists have so obviously won ascendency that talk of ‘reformers’ wielding influence in government is absurd. There is even less excuse for those elements which stubbornly hold to the belief that the Botha administration has a reform programme. There is no doubt that it has plans to change the face of South Africa. So did the Nationalist government of Verwoerd. But it was never suggested that this involved ‘reform’. Change can be for the worse - and this is what the changes being made by Botha’s militarists involve. South Africa is a society at war. Government is at war with the majority of South Africans and Namibians, with the Angolan nation, and with the majority of frontline states. In Natal, it seems unwilling or unable to use the might of its laws against the vigilante perpetrators of a bloody and enduring civil war. On the labour front, its proposed amendment to the Labour Relations Act, combined with emergency restrictions on Cosatu, aim to close down trade union organisation or render it impotent. This war against the working class has another side, seen in Botha’s new economic deal, the wage freeze and moves to privatise substantial areas of the public sector. Many of the articles in this issue of WIP deal with facets of this war - from the ANC’s armed struggle to Botha’s economic war against the working class; from the Maritzburg civil war to allegations of riot police on the rampage in townships. Government’s 24 February banning of organisations and individuals, and the restrictions on Cosatu activity, must be seen in this context of a society at war with itself.
  • Full Text:
  • Date Issued: 1988

Work in Progress Issue no.54 - COSATU Congress

  • Authors: WIP
  • Date: July 1988
  • Subjects: WIP
  • Language: English
  • Type: text
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/111453 , vital:33460
  • Description: If Home Affairs Minister Stoffel Botha did not have so much power, his comments on the media would be funny. A man who seriously suggests that South Africa's progressive media, already restricted in what it may publish by some 100 statutes and reams of often unintelligible emergency restrictions, furthers 'fear, hatred, intimidation, murder, mutilation and other similar evils' is difficult to take seriously.But his powers to close publications are serious. His notion of 'media terrorists' - 'people who are in a position to provide publicity for the revolutionaries' - is easier to understand. For Stoffel Botha is a leader of a political party which has, for 40 years, systematically undermined the most elementary aspects of democracy. He is not really expected to know much about the media's duty and right to inform its readership. Work In Progress remains under threat from state sources which believe that publication of information they do not like is 'media terrorism'. But if its political survival is to some extent out of WIP's hands, its publishers can at least secure its economic future. Readers will have noticed that Work In Progress is being printed on a lighter paper than before. This makes the publication somewhat thinner, although a changed design format allows for more copy per page. Work In Progress has not raised its selling price since January 1985. Indeed, the cost for some categories of readers has actually dropped. Subscriptions were last increased at the end of 1986 - and then only marginally. Inflation has hit all facets of publishing - paper, printing and distribution costs have all jumped each year. Only WIP's ever-growing circulation has enabled its cover price to remain constant. Recently, however, something had to change. Rather than increasing cover price or subscription costs, the publishers decided to print on a cheaper and thinner paper, while upgrading cover quality. Hence a slimmer Work In Progress - but no price increase. Also new in this edition is the inclusion of a number of short briefs. This is a section the editors hope to expand and improve in the future - Stoffel Botha and his 'media hit-men' notwithstanding!
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  • Date Issued: July 1988

Woza Moye

Xhosa dance with marimbas

Xikandaviya Lexi Undzi Zondelaka Xona

Xikwembu xa hkamula loko hi kombela

Xylophone Instrumental

Xylophone Instrumental

Xylophone Instrumental

Xylophone, drums and rattle instrumental

Ya misea wetu

Ya mixa weta

Year of famine

Yehova nga a nendwe

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